Notes:
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• A final note about document formats: Items noted as (pdf) are Adobe Acrobat documents that require the free Adobe Acrobat reader from Adobe

Digital and Multimedia Anatomy

• Dermatlas; a database of dermatalogic and histalogic images. Johns Hopkins University.
• DermIS; with an exhaustive atlas of images of dermatologic conditions and dermatologic manifestations of systemic conditions. From Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
• Integrated Medical Curriculum; educational series on anatomy, physiology, pharmacology. Free registration required. From Gold Standard Multimedia Inc.
• PediatricRadiology.com; a comprehensive source of pediatric imaging resources
• Lung Anatomy and Pediatric Airway Anatomy from The Virtual Hospital
• Cross Sectional Anatomy from the Visible Human Project at the NLM
• Digital Anatomist at the University of Washington
• A fascinating account of the history of the study of anatomy in Introductory Anatomy, by D.R. Johnson in Human Biology Course Notes, from The Centre for Human Biology, University of Leeds
• Structure and Function of the Lung, by TA Godwin, Cornell University Medical College

Return to Top of Table of Contents

Pulmonary

Respiratory Physiology

• Robert F. Respiratory Physiology. Update in Anaesthesia 2000; 12:11. [full-text]
• Law L, Bukwirwa H. The Physiology of Oxygen Delivery. Update in Anaesthesia 1999; 10:3. [full-text]
• Integrated Medical Curriculum; educational series on anatomy, physiology, pharmacology. Free registration required. From Gold Standard Multimedia Inc.
• ABC of oxygen: Oxygen transport - 1. Basic principles. Treacher DF, Leach RM. Br Med J 1998;317:1302-1306. (full-text)
• Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling. Stenmark KR, Mecham RP. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1997; 59: 89-144. (full-text for subscribers)
• Pulmonary Physiology in Clinical Practice. Martin L. A full-text textbook in development. From Mt. Sinai Medical Center, Cleveland OH. Includes:
  • PCO2 and Alveolar Ventilation
  • Oxygen Transfer
  • Acid-Base Balance
• Fundamentals of Acid-Base Balance, Grogano AW. On GasNet
• Acid-Base Tutorial. Grogano AW. Tulane University.
• Ventilation and Perfusion Matching in the Lung, a computer model for teaching pulmonary physiology (requires Netscape 3.0+ and Shockwave), from Academic Computing at New York University

Respiratory Infections

• RSV/Bronchiolitis
  • Davison C, Ventre KM, Luchetti M, Randolph AG. Efficacy of interventions for bronchiolitis in critically ill infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2004 Sep;5(5):482-489. [abstract]
  • King VJ, Viswanathan M, Bordley WC, et al. Pharmacologic Treatment of Bronchiolitis in Infants and Children: A Systematic Review. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2004;158 127-137 [abstract]
  • Hartling L, Wiebe N, Russell K, Patel H, Klassen TP. A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Evaluating the Efficacy of Epinephrine for the Treatment of Acute Viral Bronchiolitis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2003;157 957-964 [abstract]; with an accompanying "Evidence-based Journal Club" style review: King TM, Alperovitz-Bichell, Rowe PC, Lehmann HP. Is Epinephrine Efficacious in the Treatment of Bronchiolitis? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2003;157 965-968 [full-text]
  • van Woensel JBM, van Aalderen WMC, Kimpen JLL. Viral lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children. Br Med J 2003;327 36-40. [abstract]
  • Wainwright C, Altamarino L, Medico-Cirujano et al. A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial of Nebulized Epinephrine in Infants with Acute Bronchiolitis. New Engl J Med 2003;349:27-35. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by P Prodhan, N Noviski
  • Management of Bronchiolitis in Infants and Children. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. [full-text]
  • Patel H, Platt RW, Pekeles GS, Ducharme FM. A randomized, controlled trial of the effectiveness of nebulized therapy with epinephrine compared with albuterol and saline in infants hospitalized for acute viral bronchiolitis. J Pediatr. 2002;141(6):818-24. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by R Lambert, R Sanders
  • Martinón-Torres F, Rodríguez-Núñez A, Martinón-Sánchez JM. Heliox Therapy in Infants With Acute Bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 2002; 109:68-73. [abstract; full-text for subscribers/AAP members]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by H Trivedi, K Biagas
  • Luchetti M, Ferrero F, Gallini C et al. Multicenter randomized, controlled study of porcine 6 in severe respiratory syncytial virus-induced respiratory failure. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2002; 3:261-268. [abstract; full-text on Medscape]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by M Wilhelm
  • Numa AH, Williams GD, Dakin CF. The Effect of Nebulized Epinephrine on Respiratory Mechanics and Gas Exchange in Bronchiolitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:86-91. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • Tibby SM, Hatherill M, Wright SM et al. Exogenous Surfactant Supplementation in Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 1251-1256. [Abstract] [Full-text for subscribers]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S Kache
  • Garrison MM, Christakis DA, Harvey E, Cummings P, Davis RL. Systemic Corticosteroids in Infant Bronchiolitis: A Meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2000;105:E44. [abstract] [full-text]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by M. Bonnie Dutta
  • Perlstein PH, Kotagal UR, Bolling C, et al. Evaluation of an evidence-based guideline for bronchiolitis. Pediatrics 1999;104:1334-41. [abstract] [full-text for AAP members]
  • Perlstein PH, Kotagal UR, Schoettker PJ, et al. Sustaining the implementation of an evidence-based guideline for bronchiolitis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154(10):1001-7.[abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
  • Bülow SM, Nir M, Levin E, et al. Prednisolone Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial of 147 Infants. Pediatrics 1999; 104: e77. [abstract] [full-text]
    • Review by J. Hageman, B. Markovitz
  • Ribavirin in ventilated respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Guerguerian AM, Gauthier M, Lebel MH, Farrell CA, Lacroix J. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;160:829-34. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by P. Chalikonda
  • Khongphatthanayothin A, Wong PC, Samara Y, et al. Impact of respiratory syncytial virus infection on surgery for 19: postoperative course and outcome. Crit Care Med 1999;27:1974-81. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by C. Babbitt, J. Feldman
  • 4 Models For Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalization. Moler F, Ohmit SE. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159: 1234-1240. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
  • Bronchiolitis. DiNicola LK, Gayle MO. Jacksonville Medicine September 1998.
  • Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections: Indications for the Use of Palivizumab and Update on the Use of RSV-IGIV. Committee on Infectious Diseases and Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Pediatrics 1998; 102: 1211-1216. (full-text for AAP members) [abstract]
  • Reassessment of the Indications for Ribavirin Therapy in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, from Policy Statements of the American Academy of Pediatrics
  • RSV-IgIV Use, a PedComm AAP Member Alert, from the AAP (only available via the Members Only Channel
  • Heliox therapy for bronchiolitis: Report of a case and discussion
    • by Gideon Paret, MD
  • Meta-analysis of studies assessing ribavirin
    • by Adrienne G. Randolph, MD
  • Ribavirin for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Lower Respiratory Tract Infection: A Systematic Overview. Randolph, A., Wang, E. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996;150:942-947. [abstract].
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by M. Verive
  • Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus - the search for a Cost-Effective Strategy. Buck ML. Pediatric Pharmacotherapy 1997; 3(10). (University of Virginia)
  • Effectiveness of ribavirin in otherwise well infants with respiratory syncytial virus-associated respiratory failure. Pediatric Critical Study Group. Moler FW, Steinhart CM, Ohmit SE, Stidham GL. J Pediatr 1996; 128:422-428 [abstract]
  • Roosevelt G, Sheehan K, Grupp-Phelan J, Tanz RR, Listernick R. Dexamethasone in bronchiolitis: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 1996; 348:292-295 [abstract]
    • Review, by E. Stiles
  • Efficacy of beta2-Agonists in Bronchiolitis: A Reappraisal and Meta-analysis. Flores G, Horwitz RI. Pediatrics 1997; 100: 233-39. (abstract)
  • Efficacy of Bronchodilator Therapy in Bronchiolitis: A Meta-analysis. Kellner JD, et al. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1996; 150:1166-1172. (abstract).
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by M. Reloza-Macias
  • The Use of Albuterol in Hospitalized Infants With Bronchiolitis. Dobson JV, Stephens-Groff SM, McMahon SR, Stemmler MH, Brallier SL, Bay C. Pediatrics 1998; 101: 361-368. (abstract)
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by K.Daphtary, K. Meert
  • Does Ribavirin Impact on the Hospital Course of Children With Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection? An Analysis Using the Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) RSV Database. Law, B.J., Wang, E.L., MacDonald, N., McDonald, J., Dobson, S., Boucher, F., Langley, J., Robinson, J., Mitchell, I., Stephens, D. Pediatrics 1997 99(3): e7. (full-text)
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Immune Globulin Intravenous Therapy for RSV Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Infants and Young Children at High Risk for Severe RSV Infections. Rodriguez, W.J., Gruber, W.C., Welliver, R.C., Groothuis, J.R., Simoes, E.A.F., Meissner, H.C., Hemming, V.G., Hall, C.B., Lepow, M.L., Rosas, A.J., Robertsen, C., Kramer, A.A., and for the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immune Globulin Study Group. Pediatrics 1997 99(3): 454-461. (abstract)
  • Dexamethasone in salbutamol-treated inpatients with acute bronchiolitis: A randomized, controlled trial. Klassen, TP, Sutcliffe, T, Watters, LK, et al. J Pediatr 1997; 130:191-6. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by B. Markovitz
  • Helium-oxygen improves clinical 1 scores in children with acute bronchiolitis. Hollman G, Shen G, Zeng L, et al. Crit Care Med 1998;26:1731-1736. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by K. Ackerman

• Ventilator-Associated/Nosocomial Pneumonia
  • Gauvin F, Dassa C, Chaibou M, Proulx F, Farrell CA, Lacroix J. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in intubated children: comparison of different diagnostic methods. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2003 Oct;4(4):437-43. [abstract]
  • Girou E, Schortgen F, Delclaux C, et al. Association of noninvasive ventilation with nosocomial infections and survival in critically ill patients. JAMA. 2000 Nov 8;284(18):2361-7. [abstract]
  • Dodek P, Keenan S, Cook D, et al. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Ann Intern Med. 2004 Aug 17;141(4):305-13. [abstract]
  • Kola A, Eckmanns T, Gastmeier P. Efficacy of heat and moisture exchangers in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Intensive Care Med. 2005 Jan;31(1):5-11 [abstract]
  • Bar-Zohar D, Sivan Y. The Yield of Flexible Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients. Chest. 2004 Oct;126(4):1353-1359. [abstract]
  • Mentec H, May-Michelangeli L, Rabbat A, Varon E, Le Turdu F, Bleichner G. Blind and bronchoscopic sampling methods in suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia: A multicentre prospective study. Intensive Care Med. 2004; 30-1319-1326. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by M Weber
  • Elatrous S, Boukef R, Ouanes Besbes L, Marghli S, Nooman S, Nouira S, Abroug F. Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia: agreement between quantitative cultures of endotracheal aspiration and plugged telescoping catheter. Intensive Care Med. 2004 May;30(5):853-8. [abstract]
  • Shorr AF, Duh MS, Kelly KM, Kollef MH; CRIT Study Group. Red blood cell transfusion and ventilator-associated pneumonia: A potential link? Crit Care Med. 2004 Mar;32(3):666-74. [abstract]
  • Wunderink RG, Rello J, Cammarata SK, Croos-Dabrera RV, Kollef MH. Linezolid vs vancomycin: analysis of two double-blind studies of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial pneumonia. Chest. 2003 Nov;124(5):1789-97. [abstract]
  • Chastre J, Wolff M, Fagon J-Y, et al. Comparison of 8 vs 15 Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Adults: A Randomized Trial. JAMA 2003;290 2588-2598[abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by J Cortes
  • Sirvent JM, Vidaur L, Gonzalez S, et al. Microscopic examination of intracellular organisms in protected bronchoalveolar mini-lavage fluid for the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest. 2003;123(2):518-23 [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by C Kennedy
  • Johanson WG, Dever LL. Nosocomial pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2003; 29: 23-29 [abstract]
  • Hoffken G, Niederman MS. Nosocomial Pneumonia: The Importance of a De-escalating Strategy for Antibiotic Treatment of Pneumonia in the ICU. Chest. 2002;122(6):2183-96. [abstract]
  • Rello J, Ollendorf DA, Oster G, Vera-Llonch M, Bellm L, Redman R, Kollef MH. Epidemiology and Outcomes of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in a Large US Database. Chest. 2002;122(6):2115-21. [abstract]
  • Zack JE, Garrison T, Trovillion E, Clinkscale D, Coopersmith CM, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH. Effect of an education program aimed at reducing the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(11):2407-12. [abstract]
  • Wu CL, le Yang D, Wang NY, Kuo HT, Chen PZ. Quantitative Culture of Endotracheal Aspirates in the Diagnosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Patients With Treatment Failure. Chest 2002;122 662-668. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • Ntoumenopoulos G, Presneill JJ, McElholum M, Cade JF. Chest physiotherapy for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia Intensive Care Med 2002;28: 850-856. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by N Hoover, J Stockwell
  • Elward AM, Warren DK, Fraser VJ. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Patients: Risk Factors and Outcomes. Pediatrics 2002; 109: 758-764. [abstract; full-text for subscribers/AAP members]
  • Lopriore E, Markhorst DG, Gemke RJBJ. Ventilator-associated pneumonia and upper airway colonisation with Gram negative bacilli: the role of stress ulcer prophylaxis in children. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28: 763-767.[abstract]
    • Review, by D Godorov
  • Adair CG, Gorman SP, Byers LM et al. Eradication of endotracheal tube biofilm by nebulised gentamicin. Intensive Care Med 2002;28: 426-431. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • Chastre J, Fagon JV. Ventilator-associated Pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165 867-903. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • Smulders K, van der Hoeven H, Weers-Pothoff I, Vandenbroucke-Grauls C. A Randomized Clinical Trial of Intermittent Subglottic Secretion Drainage in Patients Receiving 8 Ventilation. Chest 2002;121: 858-862 [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by M Sehgal
  • Rello J, Paiva JA, Baraibar J, et al. International Conference for the Development of Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia. Chest 2001;120 955-970. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • Mayhall CG. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia or Not? Contemporary Diagnosis. Emerging Infectious Diseases 2001; 7. [full-text]
  • Heyland D. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: Current management strategies. Critical Care Rounds 2000; 1:(1). [full-text pdf]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by N Mehta
  • Ibrahim EH, Ward S, Sherman G, Schaiff R, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH. Experience with a clinical guideline for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med. 2001;29(6):1109-15. [abstract]
  • Timsit JF, Cheval C, Gachot B et al. Usefulness of a strategy based on bronchoscopy with direct examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the initial antibiotic therapy of suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. Intensive Care Med, 2001; DOI 10.1007/s001340000840 [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • Burmester M, Mok Q. How 15 is non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage in critically ill mechanically ventilated children? Intensive Care Med, 2001; DOI 10.1007/s001340100904. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • Bergmans DCJJ, Bonten MJM, Gaillard CA et al. Prevention of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia by Oral Decontamination A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:382-388. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by P Kamat, J Stockwell
  • Effectiveness and Cost of Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract in Critically Ill Intubated Patients. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Sanchez Garcia MS, Cambronero Galache JA, Diaz JL, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;158: 908-916. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers only]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club review, by P. Johnson, B. Markovitz
  • van Saene HKF, Petros AJ, Ramsay G, Baxby D. All great truths are iconoclastic: selective decontamination of the digestive tract moves from heresy to level 1 truth. Intensive Care Med 2003; 29: 677-690 [abstract]
  • Singh N, Rogers P, Atwood CW, Wagener MM, Yu VL. Short-course Empiric Antibiotic Therapy for Patients with Pulmonary Infiltrates in the Intensive Care Unit. A proposed solution for indiscriminate antibiotic prescription. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;162(2):505-511. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
  • Combes P, Fauvage B, Oleyer C. Nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients, a prospective randomised evaluation of the Stericath closed suctioning system Intensive Care Med 2000; 26: 878-882. [abstract]
  • Markowicz P, Wolff M, Djedaini K, et al. Multicenter Prospective Study of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia During Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Incidence, prognosis, and risk factors. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Jun 1;161(6):1942-1948.[abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
  • The Attributable Morbidity and Mortality of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in the Critically Ill Patient. Heyland DK, Cook DJ, Griffith L, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159: 1249-1256. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
  • Kollef MH, Skubas NJ, Sundt TM. A Randomized Clinical Trial of Continuous Aspiration of Subglottic Secretions in Cardiac Surgery Patients. Chest 1999 116: 1339-1346. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
  • Barret JP, Ramzy PI, Wolf SE, Herndon DN. Sensitivity and Specificity of Bronchoalveolar Lavage and Protected Bronchial Brush in the Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Pediatric Burn Patients. Arch Surg. 1999;134:1243-1247. [abstract]
    • Review, by A Vohra
  • Comparison of Two Methods of Diagnostic Lung Lavage in Ventilated Infants with Lung Disease. Darbaville PA, South M, McDougall PN. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;160: 771-777. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • Labenne M, Poyart C, Rambaud C, et al. Blind protected specimen brush and bronchoalveolar lavage in ventilated children. Crit Care Med. 1999 ;27:2537-43. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by R Sanders, AL Graciano
  • Diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients: repeatability of the bronchoalveolar lavage. Gerbeaux P, Ledoray V, Boussuges A, Molenat F, Jean P, Sainty JM Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157(1):76-80. [abstract]
  • Influence of Airway Management on Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Evidence From Randomized Trials. Cook D, De Jonghe B, Brochard L, Brun-Buisson C. JAMA 1998;279:781-787. (abstract)
  • Kollef M. Current Concepts: The Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia. New Engl J Med 1999; 340:627-634. [citation]
  • A Randomized Clinical Trial of Continuous Aspiration of Subglottic Secretions in Cardiac Surgery Patients. Kollef MH, Skubas NJ, Sundt TF. Chest. 1999;116:1339-1346.[abstract] [full-text for subscribers only]
  • Fagon JY, Chastre J, Wolff M, et al. Invasive and 8 strategies for management of suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia. A randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:621-30. [abstract, full-text]
  • Guideline for Prevention of Nosocomial Pneumonia, Tablan, OC et al., and the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee of the Centers for Disease Control
  • A Randomized Study Assessing the Systematic Search for Maxillary Sinusitis in Nasotracheally Mechanically Ventilated Patients. Influence of Nosocomial Maxillary Sinusitis on the Occurrence of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia. Holzapfel L, Chastang C, Demingeon G, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159: 695-701. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by K. Daphtary, K. Meert

• Other
  • Keren R, Zaoutis TE, Bridges CB, et al. Neurological and neuromuscular disease as a risk factor for respiratory failure in children hospitalized with influenza infection. JAMA. 2005 Nov 2;294(17):2188-94. [abstract]

The Pediatric Airway

• Gupta VK, Cheifetz IM. Heliox administration in the pediatric intensive care unit: An evidence-based review. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2005 Mar;6(2):204-11. [abstract]
• Reynolds SF, Heffner J. Airway Management of the Critically Ill Patient: Rapid-Sequence Intubation. Chest 2005;127 1397-1412 [abstract]
• Essouri S, Nicot F, Clement A, Garabedian EN, Roger G, Lofaso F, Fauroux B. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in infants with upper airway obstruction: comparison of continuous and bilevel positive pressure. Intensive Care Med. 2005 Apr;31(4):574-80 [abstract]
• Gomes Cordeiro AM, Fernandes JC, Troster EJ. Possible risk factors associated with moderate or severe airway injuries in children who underwent endotracheal intubation. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2004 Jul;5(4):364-8. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review
• Bar-Zohar D, Sivan Y. The Yield of Flexible Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients. Chest. 2004 Oct;126(4):1353-1359. [abstract]
• Intubation, L Ibsen, Oregon Health Sciences University (teaching file)
• Newth CJ, Rachman B, Patel N, Hammer J. The use of cuffed versus uncuffed endotracheal tubes in pediatric intensive care. J Pediatr. 2004 Mar;144(3):333-7 [abstract]
• Mhanna MJ, Zamel YB, Tichy CM, Super DM. The "air leak" test around the endotracheal tube, as a predictor of postextubation stridor, is age dependent in children. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(12):2639-43. [abstract]
• De Bast Y, De Backer D, Moraine JJ et al. The cuff leak test to predict failure of tracheal extubation for laryngeal edema. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28: 1267-1272. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal club Review, by A Wratney, DK Benjamin Jr, I Cheifetz
• Markovitz BP, Randolph AG. Corticosteroids for the Prevention of Reintubation and Postextubation Stridor in Pediatric Patients: A Meta-Analysis. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2002; 3:223-226. [abstract; full-text on Medscape]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by K Brinkman
• Pediatric Airway Obstruction: A Pictorial Review, from the Department of Paediatric Otolaryngology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
• Weber JE, Chudnofsky CR, Younger JG et al. A Randomized Comparison of Helium-Oxygen Mixture (Heliox) and Racemic Epinephrine for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Croup. Pediatrics 2001; 107: e96. [full-text]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by M Cooper
• Jacobs BR, Salman BA, Cotton RT, Lyons K, Brilli RJ. Postoperative management of children after single-stage laryngotracheal reconstruction. Crit Care Med. 2001;29(1):164-168. [abstract]
• The effectiveness of glucocorticoids in treating croup: meta-analysis . Ausejo M, Saenz A, Pham B, et al. Br Med J 1999;319:595-600. (full-text)
  • Reviewed as a Critically Appraised Topic: Glucocorticoids Are Effective in Decreasing Croup Symptoms In Children. Brenner K. University of Michigan Health System's Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by M. Sanchez-Mendiola
• Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Forced Expiratory Flows in Infants with Tracheomalacia. Davis S, Jones M, Kisling J, Angelicchio C, Tepper RS. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158:148-152. (full-text for subscribers only; abstract)
• Evaluation of Stridor and Wheezing. Holinger L. The Child's Doctor Spring 1998. From Children's Memorial Hospital and Northwestern University Medical School.
• Head and Neck Emergencies, from University of Wisconsin Dept. of Surgery
• Management of Airway Emergencies; an American Association of Respiratory Care practice guideline
• The LMA Web Page: information about the larnygeal mask airway (not specific to pediatrics)
• From The Electric Airway at The University of Iowa's Virtual Hospital (includes radiographs, sounds, movies, and more)
  • Anatomy
  • Croup Syndromes
  • Subglottic Stenosis
  • Tracheo/Laryngomalacia
  • Epiglottitis
  • Case Studies
• Dexamethasone in the prevention of postextubation stridor in children. Tellez DW, Galvis AG, Storgion SA, Amer HN, Hoseyni M, Deakers TW. J Pediatr 1991;118:289-294. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by A. Randolph
• Dexamethasone for the prevention of postextubation airway obstruction: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Anene O, Meert KL, Uy H, Simpson P, Sarniak AP. Crit Care Med 1996; 24: 1666-1669. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by A. Randolph
• Markovitz BP, Randolph AG. Corticosteroids for the prevention and treatment of post-extubation stridor in neonates, children and adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001000. [abstract]
• Retropharyngeal Abscess, from University of Hawaii Radiology Cases in Pediatric Emergency Medicine
• Supraglottitis, from Baylor Pediatric Otolaryngology

Respiratory Care, Acid-Base, PFT's, Diagnostics

• Cohen S, Springer C, Avital A, et al. Amino-Terminal Pro-Brain-Type Natriuretic Peptide: Heart or Lung Disease in Pediatric Respiratory Distress? Pediatrics 2005;115 1347-1350 [abstract]
• Rumbak MJ, Newton M, Truncale T, Schwartz SW, Adams JW, Hazard PB. A prospective, randomized, study comparing early percutaneous dilational tracheotomy to prolonged translaryngeal intubation (delayed tracheotomy) in critically ill medical patients. Crit Care Med. 2004 Aug;32(8):1689-94. [abstract]
• Main E, Stocks J. The influence of physiotherapy and suction on respiratory deadspace in ventilated children. Intensive Care Med. 2004 Jun;30(6):1152-9. [abstract]
• Main E, Castle R, Newham D, Stocks J. Respiratory physiotherapy vs. suction: the effects on respiratory function in ventilated infants and children. Intensive Care Med. 2004 Jun;30(6):1144-51 [abstract]
• Murray DM, Olhsson V, Fraser JI. Defining acidosis in postoperative cardiac patients using Stewart's method of strong ion difference. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2004 May;5(3):240-5 [abstract; full-text (356K)]
• Castle RA, Dunne CJ, Mok Q, Wade AM, Stocks J. Accuracy of displayed values of tidal volume in the pediatric intensive care unit. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(11):2566-74. [abstract]
• Main E, Castle R, Stocks J, James I, Hatch D. The influence of endotracheal tube leak on the assessment of respiratory function in ventilated children. Intensive Care Med 2001; 27: 1788-1797. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
• Stoneman MD, Hill E. Pulse Oximetry. Update in Anaesthesia 2000; 11:4. [full-text]
• Cannon ML, Cornell J, Tripp-Hamel DS, et al. Tidal Volumes For Ventilated Infants Should Be Determined with a Pneumotachometer Placed at the Endotracheal Tube. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 2109-2112. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
• Krause MF, Hoehn T. Chest physiotherapy in mechanically ventilated children: a review. Crit Care Med. 2000 May;28(5):1648-51. [abstract]
• American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society. Respiratory Mechanics in Infants: Physiologic Evaluation in Health and Disease. Am Rev Resp Dis 1993; 147: 474-496. [full-text pdf]
• American Thoracic Society. Care of the Child with a Chronic Tracheostomy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161:297-308. [full-text for subscribers]
• Effect of Combined Kinetic Therapy and Percussion Therapy on the Resolution of Atelectasis in Critically Ill Patients. Raoof S, Chowdhrey N, Raoof S, et al. Chest 1999;115:1658-1666. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers only]
• Advances in Respiratory Monitoring During Mechanical Ventilation. Jubran A. Chest. 1999;116:1416-1425. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers only]
• ABC of intensive care: Respiratory support. Shelly MP, Nightingale P. Br Med J 1999;318:1674-1677. (full-text)
• ABC of Oxygen: Acute oxygen therapy. Bateman NT, Leach RM. Br Med J 1998;317:798-801. (full-text)
• ABC of oxygen; Assessing and interpreting arterial blood gases and acid-base balance . Williams AJ. Br Med J 1998;317:1213-1216. (full-text)
• Acid-Base Balance: A Tutorial; an interactive teaching tool by AW Grogano, Anesthesiology Dept., Tulane University Medical Center
• Oxygen Monitoring in Acute Medicine.Sainsbury D. (lecture), from Paediatric Anaesthesia, at South Australia Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide (Internet Explorer users only...)
• Guidelines from the American Association of Respiratory Care
  • Long-Term Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in the Home
  • Capillary Blood Gas Sampling for Neonatal and Pediatric Patients
  • Transport of the Mechanically Ventilated Patient
  • Metabolic Cart determinations
  • Infant Pulmonary Function Testing
  • Capnography/Capnometry
  • Pulse Oximetry
• Keenan SP, Sinuff T, Cook DJ, Hill NS. Does noninvasive positive pressure ventilation improve outcome in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure? A systematic review. Crit Care Med. 2004 Dec;32(12):2516-23. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by K Yen
• Park M, Sangean MC, de S Volpe M, et al. Randomized, prospective trial of oxygen, continuous positive airway pressure, and bilevel positive airway pressure by face mask in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Crit Care Med. 2004 Dec;32(12):2407-15. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by J Kane
• How Much Oxygen Does the Human Lung Consume? Loer, SA, Scheeren, TWL, Tarnow, J. Anesthesiology 1997; 86:532-7. [abstract]
• Hilbert G, Gruson D, Vargas F et al. Noninvasive ventilation in immunosuppressed patients with pulmonary infiltrates, fever, and acute respiratory failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(7):481-7. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by J Barron
• Antonelli M, Conti G, Moro ML et al. Predictors of failure of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a multi-center study. Intensive Care Med 2001; 27:1718-1728 [abstract, full-text for subscribers]
• Noninvasive ventilation via bilevel positive airway pressure support in pediatric practice. Padman R, Lawless ST, Kettrick RG. Crit Care Med 1998; 26:169-173. [abstract]
• Mehta S, Hill NS. Noninvasive Ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 201; 163: 540-577. [full-text for subscribers]
• Jaarsma AS, Knoester H, van Rooyen F, Bos AP. Biphasic positive airway pressure ventilation (PeV+) in children. Crit Care. 2001;5(3):174-7. [abstract][full-text in PubMed Central]

ARDS, Lung Injury, and Mechanical Ventilation

• Honrubia T, Garcia Lopez FJ, Franco N, et al. Noninvasive vs Conventional Mechanical Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Failure: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial. Chest. 2005 Dec;128(6):3916-24. [abstract]
• Fan E, Needham DM, Stewart TE. Ventilatory management of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. JAMA. 2005 Dec 14;294(22):2889-96. [abstract]
• Sakr Y, Vincent JL, Reinhart K, et al. High tidal volume and positive fluid balance are associated with worse outcome in acute lung injury. Chest. 2005 Nov;128(5):3098-108. [abstract]
• Hager DN, Krishnan JA, Hayden DL, Brower RG. Tidal volume reduction in patients with acute lung injury when plateau pressures are not high. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Nov 15;172(10):1241-5. [abstract]
• Martin GS, Moss M, Wheeler AP, Mealer M, Morris JA, Bernard GR. A randomized, controlled trial of furosemide with or without albumin in hypoproteinemic patients with acute lung injury. Crit Care Med. 2005 Aug;33(8):1681-1687. [abstract]
• Stapleton RD, Wang BM, Hudson LD, Rubenfeld GD, Caldwell ES, Steinberg KP. Causes and Timing of Death in Patients With ARDS. Chest. 2005 Aug;128(2):525-32. [abstract]
• Curley MA, Hibberd PL, Fineman LD, et al. Effect of prone positioning on clinical outcomes in children with acute lung injury: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2005 Jul 13;294(2):229-37. [abstract]
• Herridge MS, Cheung AM, Tansey CM, et al. One-year outcomes in survivors of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2003 Feb 20;348(8):683-93. [abstract]
• Trachsel D, McCrindle BW, Nakagawa S, Bohn DJ. Oxygenation Index Predicts Outcome in Children with Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005; 172:206-211 [abstract]
• Gong MN, Thompson BT, Williams P, et al. Clinical predictors of and mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome: Potential role of red cell transfusion. Crit Care Med. 2005 Jun;33(6):1191-1198. [abstract]
• An online pediatric mechanical ventilation simulator, from Ken Tegtmeyer, Oregon Health & Science University, and the Media Lab at Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Portland, OR
• Grasso S, Fanelli V, Cafarelli A, Anaclerio R, Amabile M, Ancona G, Fiore T. Effects of High versus Low Positive End-Expiratory Pressures in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 May 1;171(9):1002-8 [abstract]
• Flori HR, Glidden DV, Rutherford GW, Matthay MA. Pediatric Acute Lung Injury: Prospective Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Mortality. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171 995-1001 [abstract]
• Levy MM, Baylor MS, Bernard GR, et al. Clinical Issues and Research in Respiratory Failure from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171 518-526 [abstract]
• Moran JL, Bersten AD, Solomon PJ. Meta-analysis of controlled trials of ventilator therapy in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome: an alternative perspective. Intensive Care Med. 2005 Feb;31(2):227-35 [abstract]
• Bindl L, Dresbach K, Lentze MJ. Incidence of acute respiratory distress syndrome in German children and adolescents: A population-based study. Crit Care Med. 2005 Jan;33(1):209-312. [abstract] (File Cabinet)
• Keenan SP, Sinuff T, Cook DJ, Hill NS. Does noninvasive positive pressure ventilation improve outcome in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure? A systematic review. Crit Care Med. 2004 Dec;32(12):2516-2523. [abstract]
• Plotz FB, Slutsky AS, Van Vught AJ, Heijnen CJ. Ventilator-induced lung injury and multiple system organ failure: a critical review of facts and hypotheses. Intensive Care Med. 2004; 30:1865-1872. [abstract]
• Gajic O, Dara SI, Mendez JL, et al.Ventilator-associated lung injury in patients without acute lung injury at the onset of mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med. 2004 Sep;32(9):1817-24 [abstract]
• Mechanical Ventilation, K Tegtmeyer, Oregon Health Sciences University (teaching file)
• Orfanos SE, Mavrommati I, Korovesi I, Roussos C. Pulmonary endothelium in acute lung injury: from basic science to the critically ill. Intensive Care Med 2004; 30:1702-1714. [abstract]
• Sadowski R, Dechert RE, Bandy KP, Juno J, Bhatt-Mehta V, Custer JR, Moler FW, Bratton SL. Continuous Quality Improvement: Reducing Unplanned Extubations in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Pediatrics 2004;114:628Ð632. [abstract]
• NHLBI ARDS Clinical Trials Network. Higher versus Lower Positive End-Expiratory Pressures in Patients with the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. New Engl J Med 2004; 351:327-336. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by M White
• Petrucci N, Iacovelli W. Ventilation with Smaller Tidal Volumes: A Quantitative Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Anesth Analg 2004;99 193-200. [abstract]
• Farias JA, Frutos F, Esteban A, et al. What is the daily practice of mechanical ventilation in pediatric intensive care units? A multicenter study. Intensive Care Med. 2004 May;30(5):918-25. [abstract]
• Ferrer M, Esquinas A, Leon M, Gonzalez G, Alarcon A, Torres A. Noninvasive ventilation in severe hypoxemic respiratory failure: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003 Dec 15;168(12):1438-44 [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by H Sahhar
• Nava S, Carbone G, DiBattista N, et al. Noninvasive ventilation in cardiogenic pulmonary edema: a multicenter randomized trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003 Dec 15;168(12):1432-7 [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by L Thompson
• Anton N, Joffe KM, Joffe AR. Inability to predict outcome of acute respiratory distress syndrome in children when using high frequency oscillation. Intensive Care Med. 2003 Oct;29(10):1763-9 [abstract]
• David M, Weiler N, Heinrichs W, et al. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in adult acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Med. 2003 Oct;29(10):1656-65 [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by J O'Rourke, N Mehta
• Richard C, Warszawski J, Angurl N, et al. Early Use of the Pulmonary Artery Catheter and Outcomes in Patients With Shock and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 2003;290 2713-2720. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S. Thammasitboon, S. Cortes
• Kurachek SC, Newth CJ, Quasney MW, et al. Extubation failure in pediatric intensive care: A multiple-center study of risk factors and outcomes. Crit Care Med. 2003 Nov;31(11):2657-64. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S Primis, A Wratney, I Cheifetz
• DiCarlo JV, Alexander SR, Agarwal R, Schiffman JD. Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration may improve survival from acute respiratory distress syndrome after bone marrow transplantation or chemotherapy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2003 Oct;25(10):801-5. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by E Cullen
• Flori HR, Ware LB, Glidden D, Matthay MA. Early elevation of plasma soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in pediatric acute lung injury identifies patients at increased risk of death and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2003 Jul;4(3):315-321. [abstract]
• Marraro GA. Innovative practices of ventilatory support with pediatric patients. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2003; 4(1):8-20. [abstract; full-text pdf 312K]
• Eichacker PQ, Gerstenberger EP, Banks SM, Cui X, Natanson C. Meta-Analysis of Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Trials Testing Low Tidal Volumes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166: 1510-1514. [full-text for subscribers]
• Martin GS, Mangialardi RJ, Wheeler AP, Dupont WD, Morris JA, Bernard GR. Albumin and furosemide therapy in hypoproteinemic patients with acute lung injury. Crit Care Med 2002;30(10):2175-82 [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by D Godorov
• Derdak S, Mehta S, Stewart TE et al. High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Adults. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2002; 166:801-808. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by K Ventre
• Nuckton TJ, Alonso JA, Kallet RH, Daniel BM, Pittet JF, Eisner MD, Matthay MA. Pulmonary dead-space fraction as a risk factor for death in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(17):1281-6. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S Kannan, K Meert
• Plötz, Vreugdenhil HAE, Slutsky AS et al. Mechanical ventilation alters the immune response in children without lung pathology. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28: 486-492. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
• Kopp R, Kuhlen R, Max M, Rossaint R. Evidence-based medicine in the therapy of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28: 244-255. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
• Gattinoni L, Caironi P, Pelosi P, Goodman LR. What Has Computed Tomography Taught Us about the Acute Respiratory Distress. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164 1701-1711. [full-text for subscribers]
• Vincent JL, Brase R, Santman F, et al. A multi-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of liposomal prostaglandin E1 (TLC C-53) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Med 2001; 27: 1578-1583. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
• Bersten AD, Hunt T, Nicholas TE, Doyle IR. Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein-B Predicts Development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;164 648-652. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • Review by S Huntoon Vitali
• Eisner MD, Thompson T, Hudson L et al. Efficacy of Low Tidal Volume Ventilation in Patients with Different Clinical Risk Factors for Acute Lung Injury and the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164: 231-236. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
• Granton J. The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Critical Care Rounds 2000; 1:(2) [full-text pdf]
• Putensen C, Zech S, Wrigge H, et al. Long-Term Effects of Spontaneous Breathing During Ventilatory Support in Patients with Acute Lung Injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:43-49. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S Kache, V Kesavulu
• Crotti S, Mascheroni D, Caironi P, et al. Recruitment and Derecruitment during Acute Respiratory Failure: A Clinical Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:131-140. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
• Edmunds S, Weiss I, Harrison R. Extubation Failure in a Large Pediatric ICU Population. Chest. 2001;119:897-900. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
• Dreyfuss D, Saumon G. Pressure-Volume Curves . Searching for the Grail or Laying Patients with Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome on Procrustes' Bed? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 2-3. [full-text for subscribers]
• Delclaux C, L'Her E, Alberti C, et al. Treatment of Acute Hypoxemic Nonhypercapnic Respiratory Insufficiency With Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Delivered by a Face Mask: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA. 2000;284(18):2352-2360. [abstract][full-text]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by C. Davison
• McIntyre RC Jr, Pulido EJ, Bensard DD, Shames BD, Abraham E. Thirty years of clinical trials in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med. 2000;28(9):3314-31. [abstract]
• Mangialardi RJ, Martin GS, Bernard GR, et al. Hypoproteinemia predicts acute respiratory distress syndrome development, weight gain, and death in patients with sepsis. Ibuprofen in Sepsis Study Group. Crit Care Med. 2000;28(9):3137-45. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by N Faqih
• Evan TW. International Consensus Conferences in Intensive Care Medicine: Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure, Intensive Care Med 2000 DOI 10.1007/s001340000721 [abstract/full-text]
• Antonelli M, Conti G, Bufi M, et al. Noninvasive Ventilation for Treatment of Acute Respiratory Failure in Patients Undergoing Solid Organ Transplantation; A Randomized Trial. AMA. 2000;283:235-241. [abstract] [full-text free for limited time]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by P. Prabhakaran, M. Mariscalco
• Arnold JH, Hanson JH, Toro-Figuero LO, Gutierrez J, Berens RJ, Anglin DL. Prospective, randomized comparison of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and conventional mechanical ventilation in pediatric respiratory failure. Crit Care Med. 1994;22(10):1530-9. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by X. Garcia
• Arnold JH, Anas NG, Luckett P, et al. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation in pediatric respiratory failure: a multicenter experience. Crit Care Med. 2000;28(12):3913-9. [abstract]
• Esteban A, Alia I, Gordo F, et al. Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Pressure-Controlled Ventilation and Volume-Controlled Ventilation in ARDS. Chest. 2000 Jun;117(6):1690-1696. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by A Pelaez
• Practice Guidelines and Consensus Conference Reports from the American College of Chest Physicians
  • Mechanical Ventilation Beyond the Intensive Care Unit. Quick reference guide for clinicians. Adapted from Chest 1998:113(suppl):289S-344S.
• Varpula T, Pettilä, Rintala E, Takkunen O, Valtonen. Late steroid therapy in primary acute lung injury. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26:526-531. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by U. Narsinghani, M. Heulitt
• The ARDS Network Authors for the ARDS Network. Ketoconazole for Early Treatment of Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial JAMA. 2000;283:1995-2002. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers only]
• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network. Ventilation with Lower Tidal Volumes as Compared with Traditional Tidal Volumes for Acute Lung Injury and the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. N Engl J Med 2000;342: 1301-1308 [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by S. Cray
• Clark RH, Gerstmann DR, Slutsky AS. Lung Protective Strategies of Ventilation in the Neonate: What Are They? Pediatrics 2000; 105:112-114. [full-text for subscribers/AAP members]
• International Consensus Conferences in Intensive Care Medicine: Ventilator-associated Lung Injury in ARDS. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160: 2118-2124. [full-text for subscribers]
• Brower RG, Shanholtz CB, Fessler HE, et al. Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial comparing traditional versus reduced tidal volume ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients. Crit Care Med 1999;27:1492-8. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by P. Prabhakaran
• Effect of enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and antioxidants in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Enteral Nutrition in ARDS Study Group. Gadek JE, DeMichele SJ, Karlstad MD, et al. Crit Care Med 1999;27:1409-20. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S. Bateman
• Jubran A. Advances in Respiratory Monitoring During Mechanical Ventilation. Chest 1999 116: 1416-1425. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
• Rossi R, Shemie SD, Calderwood S. Prognosis of pediatric bone marrow transplant recipients requiring mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med 1999;27:1181-6. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by J. Heggen, J. Fortenberry
• Keenan HT, Bratton SL, Martin LD, Crawford SW, Weiss NS. Outcome of children who require mechanical ventilatory support after bone marrow transplantation. Crit Care Med. 2000 Mar;28(3):830-5.[abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by X. Garcia, H. Tcharmtchi
• Ranieri VM, Suter PM, Tortorella C, et al. Effect of Mechanical Ventilation on Inflammatory Mediators in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 1999; 282:54-61. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S Kache, R Harrison
• Cardiovascular effects of mechanical ventilation. Shekerdemian L, Bohn D. Arch Dis Child 1999; 80: 475-480. [full-text until July, 1999]
• Spontaneous Breathing During Ventilatory Support Improves Ventilation-Perfusion Distributions in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Putensen C, Mutz NJ, Putensen-Himmer G, Zinserling J. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159: 1241-1248. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
• Sigh in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Pelosi P, Cadringher P, Bottino N, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159: 872-880. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
• An evidence-based approach to pressure- and volume-limited ventilation strategies. Meade MO. Crit Care Clin 1998; 14:373-85. [abstract]
• Tidal Volume Reduction for Prevention of Ventilator-induced Lung Injury in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Brochard L, Roudot-Thoraval F, Roupie E et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158: 1831-1838. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by G. Tse
• Acute Respiratory Failure. Haafiz A, Kissoon N. Jacksonville Medicine September 1998.
• Antonelli M, Conti G, Rocco M, et al. A Comparison of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation and Conventional Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 429-435. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by G. Deshpande, K. Meert
• Pediatrics, Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Steele D. In Emergency Medicine at Emedicine
• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Disease: Different Syndromes? Gattinoni L, Pelosi P, Suter PM et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158:3-11. (full-text for subscribers only; abstract). With an editorial: Respiratory System Mechanics in Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Stretching Our Understanding. Hall J. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158: 1-2. (full-text, limited time)
• Varpula T, Pettilä V, Rintala E, Takkunen O, Valtonen V. Late steroid therapy in primary acute lung injury. Intensive Care Med 26 (2000) 5, 526-531. [abstract]
• Effect of Prolonged Methylprednisolone Therapy in Unresolving Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome - A Randomized Controlled Trial. Meduri GU, Headley AS, Golden E, Carson SJ, Umberger RA, Kelso T, Tolley EA. JAMA 1998; 280:159-165. (abstract)
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by M. Kelly, S. Pon
• AutoPEEP and Work of Breathing. Wilson J, Peterson MW. 1997. From the Adult Critical Care Core Curriculum of The Virtual Hospital, University of Iowa.
• Kress JP, O'Connor MF, Schmidt GA. Clinical Examination Reliably Detects Intrinsic Positive End-Expiratory Pressure in Critically Ill, Mechanically Ventilated Patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 159: 290-294. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by R. Orellana, M. McPherson
• Peters MJ, Tasker RC, Kiff KM, Yates R, Hatch DJ. Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in children: case mix and the utility of respiratory severity indices. Intensive Care Med. 1998;24(7):699-705. [abstract]
• Acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Luce JM. Crit Care Med 1998; 26: 369-376 [abstract]
• Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Rothenhaus T., from Emergency Medicine at Emedicine
• Several articles and an editorial on barotrauma and mechanical ventilation strategies for ARDS in the February 5, 1998 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine:
  • Weg JG, Anzueto A, Balk RA et al. The Relation of Pneumothorax and Other Air Leaks to Mortality in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 341-6. [abstract]
    • Critical Appraisal of this paper from Critically Appraised Topics at SORAHSN.
  • Amato MBP, Barbas CSV, Medeiros DM, et al. Effect of a Protective-Ventilation Strategy on Mortality in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 347-354. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by K. Obata
    • Critical Appraisal of this paper from Critically Appraised Topics at SORAHSN.
  • Stewart TE, Meade MO, Cook DJ, et al. Evaluation of a Ventilation Strategy to Prevent Barotrauma in Patients at High Risk for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 355-361. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by M. McPherson, M. Mariscalco
  • With an accompanying full-text editorial: Hudson LD. Protective Ventilation for Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 385-7. [citation]
• Acute Respiratory Failure, diagnosis and management, from Emergency Medicine at The Virtual Hospital, University of Iowa
• Curley MA, Thompson JE, Arnold JH. The effects of early and repeated 8 positioning in pediatric patients with acute lung injury. Chest. 2000 Jul;118(1):156-63. [abstract]
• McAuley DF, Giles S, Fichter H, Perkins GD, Gao F. What is the optimal duration of ventilation in the prone position in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome? Intensive Care Med 2002;28: 414-418. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
• Messerole E, Peine P, Wittkopp S, Marini JJ, Albert RK. The Pragmatics of Prone Positioning. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165: 1359-1363. [full-text for subscribers]
• L'Her E, Renault A, Oger E, et al. A prospective survey of early 12-h prone positioning effects in patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Intensive Care Med 2002;28: 570-575. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
• Gattinoni L, Tognoni G, Pesenti A et al. Effect of Prone Positioning on the Survival of Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure. New Engl J Med 2001; 345:568-573. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by P Kamat
• Relvas MS, Silver PC, Sagy M. Prone Positioning of Pediatric Patients With ARDS Results in Improvement in Oxygenation if Maintained > 12 h Daily. Chest. 2003;124(1):269-74. [abstract]
• Effects of the prone position on gas exchange and hemodynamics in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Jolliet P, Bulpa P, Chevrolet JC. Crit Care Med 1998;26:1977-85. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by V. Gharpure, K. Meert
• Kornecki A, Frndova H, Coates AL, Shemie SD. A Randomized Trial of Prolonged Prone Positioning in Children With Acute Respiratory Failure. Chest 2001 119: 211-218. [Abstract] [Full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by L Wise-Faberowski
• Hammer GB, Fitzmaurice BG, Brodsky JB. Methods for single-lung ventilation in pediatric patients. Anesth Analg. 1999;89:1426-9. [citation] [full-text for subscribers only]
• Effect of prone and supine positions on functional residual capacity, oxygenation, and respiratory mechanics in ventilated infants and children. Numa AH, Hammer J, Newth CJ. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 156:1185-1189 [abstract]
• Effects of the Prone Position on Respiratory Mechanics and Gas Exchange during Acute Lung Injury. Pelosi P, Tubiolo D, Mascheroni D, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med Volume 1998;157:387-393. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
• Effects of ventilation in ventral decubitus position on respiratory mechanics in adult respiratory distress syndrome. Servillo G, Roupie E, De Robertis E, Rossano F, Brochard L, Lemaire F, Tufano R. Intensive Care Med 1997; 23: 1219-1224. (abstract)
• How to use articles about harm: the relationship between high tidal volumes, ventilating pressures, and ventilator-induced lung injury. Meade MO, Cook DJ, Kernerman P, Bernard G. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:1915-1922. [abstract]
• Elective High-frequency Oscillatory Ventilation Versus Conventional Ventilation in Preterm Infants With Pulmonary Dysfunction: Systematic Review and Meta-analyses. Bhuta T, Henderson-Smart DJ. Pediatrics 1997; 100(5): e6 (full-text)
• A Physiologic Approach to Mechanical Ventilation in the Patient with ARDS
  • by Randall Flick, MD
• A Brief Review of Smoke Inhalation Injury
  • by Rob Sheridan
• Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Myths and Controversies, Varon, JV, Wenker, O. The Internet Journal of Anesthesiology; 1997: vol 1, no 1.

Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation

• Nava S, Gregoretti C, Fanfulla F, et al. Noninvasive ventilation to prevent respiratory failure after extubation in high-risk patients. Crit Care Med. 2005 Nov;33(11):2465-2470. [abstract]
• Jubran A, Grant BJ, Laghi F, Parthasarathy S, Tobin MJ. Weaning Prediction: Esophageal Pressure Monitoring Complements Readiness Testing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005; 171 1252-1259. [abstract]
• Baisch SD, Wheeler WB, Kurachek SC, Cornfield DN. Extubation failure in pediatric intensive care incidence and outcomes. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2005 May;6(3):312-318 [abstract]
• Marcin JP, Rutan E, Rapetti PM, Brown JP, Rahnamayi R, Pretzlaff RK. Nurse staffing and unplanned extubation in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2005 May;6(3):254-257. [abstract]
• Fontela PS, Piva JP, Garcia PC, Bered PL, Zilles K. Risk factors for extubation failure in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2005 Mar;6(2):166-170. [abstract]
• Esteban A, Frutos-Vivar F, Ferguson ND, et al. Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation for Respiratory Failure after Extubation. New Engl J Med 2004; 350:2452-2460. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by T Cholis
• Conti G, Montini L, Pennisi MA, et al. A prospective, blinded evaluation of indexes proposed to predict weaning from mechanical ventilation. Intensive Care Med. 2004 May;30(5):830-6. [abstract]
• Krishnan JA, Moore D, Robeson C, Rand CS, Fessler HE. A Prospective, Controlled Trial of a Protocol-based Strategy to Discontinue Mechanical Ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004;169 673-678 [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by A Lee, M Nilufer Ozturk
• Ferrer M, Esquinas A, Arancibia F, et al. Non-invasive ventilation during persistent weaning failure. A randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;168(1):70-6 [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by L Smith
• Randolph AG, Wypij D, Venkataraman ST, Hanson JH, Gedeit RG, Meert KL, Luckett PM, Forbes P, Lilley M, Thompson J, Cheifetz IM, Hibberd P, Wetzel R, Cox PN, Arnold JH, for the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network. Effect of Mechanical Ventilator Weaning Protocols on Respiratory Outcomes in Infants and Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA. 2002;288:2561-2568. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by M Twite
• Randolph AG, Forbes PW, Gedeit RG, Arnold JH, Wetzel RC, Luckett PM, O'neil ME, Venkataraman ST, Meert KL, Cheifetz IM, Cox PN, Hanson JH; for the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury & Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network. Cumulative fluid intake minus output is not associated with ventilator weaning duration or extubation outcomes in children. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2005 Nov;6(6):642-647 [abstract]
• MacIntyre NR. Evidence-Based Guidelines for Weaning and Discontinuing Ventilatory Support : A Collective Task Force Facilitated by the American College of Chest Physicians; the American Association for Respiratory Care; and the American College of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 2002; 120: 375S-396S. [full-text for subscribers] In: "Evidence-Based Guidelines for Weaning and Discontinuing Ventilatory Support. Supplement to Chest 2001; 120(6). [table of contents]
• Khamiees M, Raju P, DeGirolamo A, Amoateng-Adjepong Y, Manthous CA. Predictors of Extubation Outcome in Patients Who Have Successfully Completed a Spontaneous Breathing Trial. Chest 2001;120 1262-1270. [abstract: full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by J Barron
• Smyrnios NA, Connolly A, Wilson MM, et al. Effects of a multifaceted, multidisciplinary, hospital-wide quality improvement program on weaning from mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(6):1224-30. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S and S Thammasitboon
• Farias JA, Alía I, Retta A, et al. An evaluation of extubation failure predictors in mechanically ventilated infants and children. Intensive Care Med 2002; 28:752-757. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by A Wratney, DK Benjamin, IM Cheifetz
• Farias JA, Retta A, I. Alía, et al. A comparison of two methods to perform a breathing trial before extubation in pediatric intensive care patients. Intensive Care Med 2001; 27:1649-1654. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]. Commentary: Brochard L. Weaning from mechanical ventilation. When paediatric intensive care medicine profits from adult experience and vice-versa. Intensive Care Med 2001; 27:1564-1566L. [full-text for subscribers]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by A Arikan, M McPherson
• Polkey MI, Moxham J. Clinical Aspects of Respiratory Muscle Dysfunction in the Critically Ill. Chest 2001 119: 926-939. [full-text for subscribers]
• Criteria for Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment. From the Evidence-Based Practice Program of the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. [full-text]
• Venkataraman ST, Khan N, Brown A. Validation of predictors of extubation success and failure in mechanically ventilated infants and children. Crit Care Med. 2000;28(8):2991-6. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by D. Epstein, R. Bart
• Uusaro A, Chittock DR, Russell JA, Walley KR. Stress test and gastric-arterial PCO2 measurement improve prediction of successful extubation. Crit Care Med. 2000;28(7):2313-9. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by N Hoover, A Vats
• Marelich GP, Murin S, Battistella F, Inciardi J, Vierra T, Roby M. Protocol Weaning of Mechanical Ventilation in Medical and Surgical Patients by Respiratory Care Practitioners and Nurses : Effect on Weaning Time and Incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia. Chest. 2000;118(2):459-467. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
• Farias JA, Alia I, Esteban A, Golubicki, Olazarri FA. Weaning from mechanical ventilation in pediatric intensive care patients. Intensive Care Med 1998; 24: 1070-1075. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by P. Jines, A. Madikians
• Jaber S, Carlucci A, Boussarsar M et al. Helium-Oxygen in the Postextubation Period Decreases Inspiratory Effort. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001;164 633-637. [abstract; full-text for subscribers]
• Effect of Spontaneous Breathing Trial Duration on Outcome of Attempts to Discontinue Mechanical Ventilation. Esteban A, Alia I, Tobin MJ, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;159:512-518. [abstract]
• Hubble CL, Gentile MA, Tripp DS, Craig DM, Meliones JN, Cheifetz IM. Deadspace to tidal volume ratio predicts successful extubation in infants and children. Crit Care Med. 2000;28(6):2034-40. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by A. Torres
• Brochard L, Rauss A, Benito S, et al. Comparison of three methods of gradual withdrawal from ventilatory support during weaning from mechanical ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150:896-903 [abstract]
  • Critical Appraisal of this paper from Critically Appraised Topics at SORAHSN.
• Manczur TI, Greenought A, Pryor D, Rafferty GF. Comparison of predictors of extubation from mechanical ventilation in children. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2000; 1:28-32.
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S. Venkataraman
• Predictors of Successful Extubation in Children. Thiagarajan RR. Bratton SL, Martin LD, Brogan TV, Taylor D. Am J Respir Crit Care Med Volume 1999; 160:1562-1566. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
• Baumeister BL, el-Khatib M, Smith PG, Blumer JL. Evaluation of predictors of weaning from mechanical ventilation in pediatric patients. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1997;24:344-52. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S. Venkataraman
• Butler R, Keenan SP, Inman KJ, Sibbald WJ, Block G. Is there a preferred technique for weaning the difficult-to-wean patient? A systematic review of the literature. Crit Care Med. 1999;27:2331-6. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by A. Torres, J. Wohrley
• A randomized, controlled trial of protocol-directed versus physician-directed weaning from mechanical ventilation. Kollef MH, Shapiro SD, Silver P, et al. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:567-574. [abstract]
  • Critical Appraisal of this paper from Critically Appraised Topics at SORAHSN.

Experimental Therapies

• References about Liquivent (perflubron):
  • Partial Liquid Ventilation in Critically Ill Infants Receiving Extracorporeal Life Support. Greenspan, J.S. et al. Pediatrics 1997; 99(1):e2. (full-text)
  • Leach, C. et al. Partial Liquid Ventilation with Perflubron in Premature Infants with Severe Respiratory Distress Syndrome. N Engl J Med 1996; 335: 761-767. [abstract]

    With an full-text editorial: Merritt, T.A., Heldt, G.P. Partial Liquid Ventilation - The Future is Now. N Engl J Med 1996; 814-815. [citation]

• Surfactant
  • Spragg RG, Lewis JF, Walmrath HD, et al. Effect of recombinant surfactant protein C-based surfactant on the acute respiratory distress syndrome. New Engl J Med 2004; 351:884-892. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by F Norozian
  • Thomas NJ, Hollenbeak CS, Lucking SE, Willson DF. Cost-effectiveness of exogenous surfactant therapy in pediatric patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2005 Mar;6(2):160-165. [abstract]
  • Willson DF, Thomas NJ, Markovitz BP et al. Effect of Exogenous Surfactant (Calfactant) in Pediatric Acute Lung Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 2005;293 470-476 [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by A Shieh Czaja
  • Moller JC, Schaible T, Roll C, et al. Treatment with bovine surfactant in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in children: a randomized multicenter study. Intensive Care Med. 2003;29(3):437-46. [abstract]
    • Review, by N Mehta
  • Tibby SM, Hatherill M, Wright SM et al. Exogenous Surfactant Supplementation in Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 1251-1256. [Abstract] [Full-text for subscribers]
  • Inhalational Therapy in Ventilatory Failure. Sainsbury D. (slide presentation 7/1998), from Paediatric Anaesthesia, at South Australia Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide
  • López-Herce J, de Lucas N, Carrillo A, Bustinza A, Moral R. Surfactant treatment for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Arch Dis Child 1999;80:248-252. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review by J. Barron, A. Madikians
  • Instillation of calf lung surfactant extract (calfactant) is beneficial in pediatric acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Willson DF, Zaritsky A, Bauman LA, et al. Crit Care Med 1999;27:188-95. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by P. Srivaths, K. Meert
  • Anzueto, A. et al. Aerosolized Surfactant in Adults with Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 1417-1421 [abstract]

    With an accompanying full-text editorial: Matthay M. The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 1469-1470 [citation]

• Nitric Oxide
  • Fioretto JR, De Moraes MA, Bonatto RC, Ricchetti SM, Carpi MF. Acute and sustained effects of early administration of inhaled nitric oxide to children with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2004 Sep;5(5):469-74 [abstract; full-text (192K)]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by J Matchey
  • Taylor RW, Zimmerman JL, Dellinger RP, et al. Low-dose inhaled nitric oxide in patients with acute lung injury: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2004 Apr 7;291(13):1603-9 [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by R Orellana
  • Sokol J, Jacobs SE, Bohn D. Inhaled nitric oxide for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in children and adults (Cochrane Review). In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 4 2002. Oxford: Update Software. [abstract]
    • Review by S and S Thammasitboon
  • Gerlach H, Keh D, Semmerow A, et al. Dose-Response Characteristics during Long-Term Inhalation of Nitric Oxide in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167(7):1008-15. [abstract]
  • Dobyns EL, Anas NG, Fortenberry JD, Deshpande J, Cornfield DN, Tasker RC, Liu P, Eells PL, Griebel J, Kinsella JP, Abman SH. Interactive effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and inhaled nitric oxide in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in pediatrics. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(11):2425-9. [abstract]
  • Finer NN, Sun JW, Rich W et al. Randomized, Prospective Study of Low-Dose Versus High-Dose Inhaled Nitric Oxide in the Neonate With Hypoxic Respiratory Failure. Pediatrics 2001;108 949-955. [abstract][full-text for subscribers]
  • Miller OI, Tang SF, Keech A, et al. Inhaled nitric oxide and prevention of pulmonary hypertension after 7 heart surgery: a randomised double-blind study. Lancet 2000;356:1464-1469. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by K.Daphtary, K. Meert
  • Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Use of Inhaled Nitric Oxide. AAP Policy Statement. Pediatrics 2000;106:344-345. [full-text]
  • Dobyns EL, Cornfield DN, Anas NG, et al. Multicenter randomized controlled trial of the effects of inhaled nitric oxide therapy on gas exchange in children with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. J Pediatr. 1999;134:406-12. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by A. Torres
    • Review by L. Faberowski (as surrogate endpoint study)
  • The Food and Drug Administration of the US approves iNO for neonatal respiratory failure: Inhaled nitric oxide "in conjunction with ventilatory support and other appropriate agents, is indicated for the treatment of term and near-term (>34 weeks) neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure associated with clinical or echocardiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension..." [label (pdf)] [letter (pdf)]
  • Inhalational Therapy in Ventilatory Failure. Sainsbury D. (slide presentation 7/1998), from Paediatric Anaesthesia, at South Australia Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide
  • Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Vasoconstrictors in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Papazian L, Roch A, Bregeon F, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160:473-479. [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
  • Low-dose inhaled nitric oxide improves the oxygenation and ventilation of infants and children with acute, hypoxemic respiratory failure. Ream RS, Hauver JF, Lynch RE, et al. Crit Care Med 1999;27:989-96. [abstract]
    • Review, by R. Sanders
  • Siddon TE, Asif M, Gigenbottam TW. Therapeutic Role of Nitric Oxide in Respiratory Disease. Medscape Pulmonary Medicine 2000; 4(2). [full-text]
  • Randomised trial of three doses of inhaled nitric oxide in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Tang SF, Sherwood MC, Miller OI. Arch Dis Child 1998; 79: 415-418 [full-text until July 1999] [abstract]
  • The efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome. An evidence-based medicine approach. Greene JH, Klinger JR. Crit Care Clin 1998; 14:387-409. [abstract]
  • Intravenous Almitrine Combined with Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Gallart L, Lu Q, Puybasset L, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158:1770-1777 [abstract] [full-text for subscribers]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S. Cray
  • Cardiopulmonary Effects of Aerosolized Prostaglandin E1 and Nitric Oxide Inhalation in Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Putensen C, Hörmann C, Kleinsasser A, Putensen-Himmer G. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157: 1743-1747 (full-text for subscribers only)
  • Inhaled Nitric Oxide Versus Conventional Therapy: Effect on Oxygenation in ARDS. Michael JR, Barton RG, Saffle JR, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157: 1372-1380. (full-text for subscribers only) With an accompanying editorial: Is Nitric Oxide Inhalation a "Cosmetic" Therapy in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome? Payen DM. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157: 1361-1362
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by G. Reyes
  • Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study. Troncy E, Collet JP, Shapiro S, et al. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157: 1483-1488 (full-text)
  • Effects of inhaled nitric oxide in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: results of a randomized phase II trial. Inhaled Nitric Oxide in ARDS Study Group. Dellinger RP, Zimmerman JL, Taylor RW, Straube RC, Hauser DL, Criner GJ, Davis K Jr, Hyers TM, Papadakos P. Crit Care Med 1998; 26: 15-23. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S. Bateman
    • Another Critical Appraisal of this paper by from Critically Appraised Topics at SORAHSN.
  • Improved Oxygenation in a Randomized Trial of Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn. Wessel DL, Adatia I, Van Marter LJ, Thompson JE, Kane JW, Stark AR, Kourembanas S. Pediatrics 1997; 100(5): e7. (full-text)
  • Dose response to inhaled nitric oxide in pediatric patients with pulmonary hypertension and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Nakagawa TA, Morris A, Gomez RJ, Johnston SJ, Sharkey T, Zaritsky AL. J Pediatr 1997;131:63-9. (abstract)
  • Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Hypoxic Respiratory Failure in Infants With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia. The Neonatal Inhaled Nitric Oxide Study Group (NINOS) Pediatrics 1997; 99: 838-845. [abstract]
    • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by G Ofori-Amanfo
  • The Neonatal Inhaled Nitric Oxide Study Group. Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Full-Term and Nearly Full-Term Infants with Hypoxic Respiratory Failure. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 597-604. [abstact]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by P. Chhangani, J. Hupert
• The Inhaled Nitric Oxide Study Group. Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 605-610. [abstract]
• Inhaled nitric oxide enhances oxygenation but not survival in infants with alveolar capillary dysplasia. Steinhorn RH, Cox PN, Fineman JR et al. J Pediatr 1997; 130:417-22. (abstract)
• Siddons TE, Asif M, Higenbottam TW. Therapeutic Role of Nitric Oxide in Respiratory Disease. Medscape Respiratory Care 2000; 4(2). [full-text]

Prostacyclin

• Dahlem P, van Aalderen WMC, de Neef M, Dijkgraaf MGW, Bos AP. Randomized controlled trial of aerosolized prostacyclin therapy in children with acute lung injury. Crit Care Med 2004; 32:1055-1060. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by AA Arikan
• ECMO...

Asthma

• Kim IK, Phrampus E, Venkataraman S, et al. Helium/oxygen-driven albuterol nebulization in the treatment of children with moderate to severe asthma exacerbations: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2005 Nov;116(5):1127-33. [abstract]
• Wheeler DS, Jacobs BR, Kenreigh CA, Bean JA, Hutson TK, Brilli RJ. Theophylline versus terbutaline in treating critically ill children with status asthmaticus: A prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2005 Mar;6(2):142-147 [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by A Sharangpani, J Natale
• Maffei FA, van der Jagt EW, Powers KS, Standage SW, Connolly HV, Harmon WE, Sullivan JS, Rubenstein JS. Duration of Mechanical Ventilation in Life-Threatening Pediatric Asthma: Description of an Acute Asphyxial Subgroup. Pediatrics 2004;114 762-767. [abstract]
• Soroksky A, Stav D, Shpirer I. A Pilot Prospective, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure in Acute Asthmatic Attack. Chest 2003;123 1018-1025 [abstract]
  • Review, by K Lewis
• Thill PJ, McGuire JK, Baden HP, Green TP, Checchia PA. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in children with lower airway obstruction. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2004 Jul;5(4):337-342. [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by S Rishmawi
• Rodrigo GJ, Rodrigo C, Pollack CV, Rowe B. Use of Helium-Oxygen Mixtures in the Treatment of Acute Asthma: A Systematic Review. Chest 2003;123 891-896 [abstract]
• Ho AMH, Lee A, Karmakar MK et al. Heliox vs Air-Oxygen Mixtures for the Treatment of Patients With Acute Asthma: A Systematic Overview. Chest 2003;123 882-890 [abstract]
  • PedsCCM EB Journal Club Review, by G Wolf
• Qureshi F, Zaritsky A, Poirier MP. Comparative efficacy of oral dexamethasone versus oral prednisone in acute pediatric asthma. J Pediatr. 2001;139(1):20-6. [